An influential Haitian businessman and controversial political power broker is being detained by the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, according to immigration court records and sources familiar with the arrest.

Pierre Reginald Boulos, an American-born entrepreneur and physician who exercised his influence through connections with top State Department officials and vocal criticism of Haitian presidents and politicians, is being held on immigration violations in Miami after being arrested by ICE agents at his home in Palm Beach. The arrest reportedly took place on Thursday.

To date, Boulos is the most high-profile Haitian to be detained by the Trump administration, which in recent months has tried to shorten the deportation protections and work permits for over a half million Haitians temporarily in the United States. His case is complicated by his uncertain immigration status. As a one-time Haitian presidential aspirant, he renounced his U.S. citizenship several years ago.

Boulos, 69, is not yet listed in the ICE detention locator system due to a backlog of recent ICE arrests. But sources say he was at Krome North Service Processing Center on Saturday before being moved later that day to a federal detention center in Homestead.

ICE did not respond to multiple requests from the Miami Herald about the nature of his violations or confirmation of his detention. But Immigration court records published online on Monday, show that Boulos has a hearing scheduled at 8 a.m. July 31 before immigration judge Jorge Pereira at the Krome Detention Center. The records say “this case is pending.”

It is not clear from the immigration court record or from sources familiar with Boulos’ case that his immigration violations are tied to any possible criminal charges.

The Boulos case comes amid considerable uncertainty over the fate of tens of thousands of Haitian immigrants. Earlier this month, a federal judge in New York ruled that the Department of Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem acted unlawfully by rolling back the deadline for temporary protected status granted under the Biden administration. On Friday, the Trump administration announced that, while disagreeing with the judge’s order, it has restored the original Feb. 3 deadline.

Still, the administration has said that legal protections from deportations for Haitians will come to an end once the current TPS status runs out. Separately, the U.S. has been also warning in Port-au-Prince that Haitian authorities and foreign diplomats should expect a number of high-profile moves regarding Haitians by the administration as it tries to address the country’s ongoing gang takeover.

Controversial figure in Haiti

Boulos is a highly controversial figure in Haiti, where he long worked as both a medical doctor and businessman while simultaneously wielding considerable influence over national politics. Boulos, who moved back to South Florida four years ago, has not been charged with a crime either in Haiti or the U.S. but he’s been subject of countless conspiracy theories and corruption allegations on social media.

The founder of the RBoulos Group, he was behind several businesses in Haiti, including Delimart supermarket and the Autoplaza car dealership, which is the Nissan brand dealer in the country. He also sold Chinese-made buses and trucks to the government, and under the late President Jovenel Moise had the largest share of the sale of construction equipment in the country.

Other investments include being part of an group that restructured one of the oldest newspapers in the country, Le Matin newspaper before it was forced to close. In 2009, he also led a group of investors in the purchase of the landmark El Rancho hotel in Petion-Ville, which he restructured and reopened in 2013 as the NH El Rancho.

His activism in Haitian politics dates back decades. In the early 2000s, he was among members of the country’s elite active in the movement to oust then President Jean-Bertrand Aristide. After his wife was kidnapped in 2003, he moved his family to Miami, where he sometimes resided.

Boulos’ arrest by U.S. immigration and Customs Enforcement has rattled Haitian elites, given not just his stature but his reputation as a mover and shaker in Haiti’s foreign and domestic politics — clout that came from his access to top decision makers in the U.S. and the United Nations, his lucrative government contracts and tens of millions worth of investments. in the country.

His ICE case is complicated due to several factors, starting with his immigration status in the U.S. While in recent months Boulos, who had been keeping a low profile, told several close confidants he held U.S. permanent residency. But it is unclear whether his green card was issued on a conditional basis.

A source close to the family said Boulos is being accused of not fully disclosing his political activities in Haiti when he applied to remain in the U.S. first through Temporary Protected Status and then a residency application via one of his children.

Born in New York, Boulos attended medical school in Haiti and later earned a master’s degree in public health from Tulane University in New Orleans. However, it is in business and politics that gave him such notoriety in Haiti, capped by trying to make a bid for the presidency. Because candidates cannot hold citizenship in two countries, he renounced his U.S. citizenship. In 2021, he presented himself as a candidate in the country’s not-yet scheduled elections.

His presidential ambitions were described in a May 2021 filing by a lobbying firm he contracted for $10,000 a month, according to documents submitted under the U.S. Foreign Agents Registration.

“Dr. Reginald Boulos is considering running for the presidency in the country of Haiti in November 2021,” the Denver-based firm said, describing the businessman as “a respected medical doctor, businessperson and creator of the MTV Ayiti political party.”

“Dr. Boulos is interested in building constructive partnerships with leaders in the United States government and the Haitian American diaspora community,” the firm added. “Dr. Boulos’ has a vision for rebuilding Haiti the way that he both built a successful medical practice and multiple, successful businesses.”

At the time, Moïse was the target of multiple protests and accusations of trying to be a dictator. Two months later, he was assassinated in his bedroom in the hills above Port-au-Prince, sending Haiti into a spiraling chaos that continues until today. Since then, the country has been in a tailspin with violence escalating by armed gangs, who are accused of being supported by members of the country’s elite and politicians.

The Trump administration has been targeting illegal immigration aggressively since January. Haitians who entered the U.S. under the Biden-era humanitarian parole program and others who have temporary protected status are now being targeted for deportations.

The administration has reversed its position that Haiti is a dangerous place, saying conditions have improved. However, the United Nations and others have said conditions have gotten worse due to the onslaught of armed gangs that are expanding beyond Port-au-Prince, driving displacement and hunger. Gangs have also been targeting members of the country’s elite through kidnappings and ransom demands, the burning of their businesses in recent months.

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